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References: Centrifugal, Axial and Mixed Flow Fans

  1. Centrifugal fan - Wikipedia - Explains how a centrifugal fan turns air through a right angle and how the scroll housing converts velocity to pressure. Supports the chapter's centrifugal family and scroll housing sections.

  2. Axial fan design - Wikipedia - Covers axial fan blades, hubs, velocity triangles and performance characteristics. Background for the chapter's axial family, tubeaxial and vaneaxial forms and guide vanes.

  3. Turbomachinery - Wikipedia - Classifies machines by flow direction as radial, axial or mixed flow. Places the chapter's three fan families in the wider family of pumps, compressors and turbines.

  4. Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery - S. L. Dixon and C. A. Hall - Butterworth-Heinemann - Known for its velocity-triangle method, which shows exactly how radial, axial and mixed flow rotors and stationary vanes add and recover energy. Explains why guide vanes and scrolls recover pressure.

  5. Fans: Design and Operation of Centrifugal, Axial-Flow and Cross-Flow Fans - Bruno Eck - Pergamon Press - A classic reference, noted for treating centrifugal and axial fans side by side with their housings and guide vanes. A deeper look at how each family is built.

  6. FanPedia: The Fan & Blower Encyclopedia (PDF) - Twin City Fan & Blower - Source for the chapter's fan type descriptions, scroll housing parts, exploded views and lab exhaust flow definitions (bypass, fan, entrained and total flow).

  7. FanPedia online - Twin City Fan & Blower - Online galleries of fan basics and fan types, including housed, unhoused, inline, roof and lab exhaust fans. A visual guide to the families sorted in this chapter.

  8. Axial Fans - Twin City Fan & Blower - Current catalog page describing tubeaxial fans for general ventilation to process air supply and vaneaxial fans for large volumes at moderate to high pressures, with the TD, TB, TCVA and related models.

  9. Mixed Flow Fans - Twin City Fan & Blower - Current catalog page describing mixed flow fans as giving centrifugal performance with axial-type space savings, and listing the high-pressure QSL and low-pressure QCLB lines cited in the chapter.

  10. Laboratory and Fume Exhaust Fans - Twin City Fan & Blower - Current catalog page on high plume height and entrainment of ambient air for dilution, listing the TVIFE, QIFE, BAIFE, BCIFE, QFE and TFE lines named in the chapter.